Articles

What I Learned from Analyzing Spotify Data: A Hands-on Journey Through Statistics, Causality, and Real-World Noise

I started this project with a simple question:What makes a song a hit on Spotify?By the end, I had unintentionally walked through key lessons in descriptive analysis, confounding, matching, causal inference, and bootstrapping. This is what I learned, not just about the data, but about the mindset statistical analysis requires in the real world. Descriptive …

Basics of Developing LLM Applications with LangChain

LangChain Ecosystem Overview LangChain is a powerful framework that simplifies the process of building applications powered by large language models (LLMs). Whether you’re using proprietary models like OpenAI or open-source alternatives like Hugging Face Transformers, LangChain provides a modular ecosystem to orchestrate prompts, chains, memory, agents, and tools, all under one roof. In this post, …